Arthritis is a condition related to the joints, surrounding tissues, and other connective tissues which leads to inflammation of the joints, causing pain, stiffness, swelling, and decreased range of motion. It is often associated with older age. However, arthritis is not exclusive to the elderly, people of all ages can get affected, including those in their 20s. Although it seems unlikely, arthritis is not uncommon in young people, and early recognition of signs and symptoms can lead to more effective treatment and better outcomes. Dr. Lalit Kumar Lohia, Consultant- Orthopaedics department, Manipal Hospital Dwarka, New Delhi shares all you need to know about the condition.

There are many different types of arthritis, osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis are the most common among younger individuals. Apart from this, Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a condition that can begin in childhood or adolescence and can continue in young adults. It is a chronic auto-immune condition that leads the immune system to attack its healthy cells and tissues, weakening the joints and causing inflammation, pain, stiffness, and difficulty in movement. Unlike adult arthritis, which often has a degenerative component, JIA primarily involves immune system dysfunction.

The most common causes of arthritis at a young age can be:

• Being overweight
• Not getting involved in any physical activities
• Injury in the joints
• Having a family history of arthritis at a young age
• Diabetes
• Bad posture and lifting heavy objects

Here are some early signs and symptoms that may indicate arthritis in your 20s:

1. Joint Pain- Persistent Joint pain, especially after physical activity, could be an early sign of arthritis. The pain can affect one or joints and vary in intensity.
2. Swelling and Stiffness- If you witness swelling or inflammation near the joints after waking up or after long periods of inactivity then it is an early sign of arthritis. It may also cause the feeling of heat or warmth near the affected joints.
3. Limited Range of Motion- In case you find it difficult to move a joint or notice a reduction in the range of motion then it could be an early sign of arthritis. Over time, it can damage the joint, limiting its movement and making everyday activities difficult.
4. Clicking or Grinding Sensation- Crepitus, a clicking or grinding sensation in the joints may be an early indicator of osteoarthritis, which causes joint pain or discomfort.
5. Loss of Grip Strength- If you find it difficult to keep a hold on different objects like a pen, open jars, or open a door handle, could be a sign of arthritis affecting the hands.

For people in their 20’s, early detection is key to managing arthritis effectively.  Don’t ignore the signs if you’re experiencing persistent joint pain, stiffness, or swelling. Consult a doctor for diagnosis of the underlying cause and to ensure proper treatment.  Early intervention, lifestyle modification, and proper treatment can help to live a full and active life even after getting diagnosed with arthritis at a young age. For young adults with severe arthritis that doesn’t respond to non-surgical treatments, surgery may become necessary. Procedures like joint replacement (for severely damaged joints) or synovectomy (removal of inflamed joint tissue) can help relieve pain and restore joint function. While surgery is usually the last option, it can offer significant relief and improve the quality of life when other treatments have failed.